Frenkel defect

A point defect in a crystal formed when an atom or ion leaves its lattice site and occupies an interstitial site, creating a vacancy–interstitial pair.

Vacancy defect: A point defect in which an atom or ion is absent from its usual lattice site. The empty lattice site in a Frenkel defect is a vacancy.
Crystal lattice: A periodic arrangement of points representing the repeating structure of a crystalline solid. The regular sites of this arrangement define where the displaced particle starts.
Silver iodide: An ionic compound with a temperature-dependent crystal structure and unusually mobile silver ions. Its silver ions exhibit Frenkel disorder that supports high ionic mobility.
Schottky disorder: Thermal disorder in an ionic crystal caused by charge-balanced sets of cation and anion vacancies. It preserves stoichiometry through vacancies rather than vacancy–interstitial pairs.
Interstitial defect: A point defect in which an atom or ion occupies a position between regular lattice sites. The displaced particle occupies an interstitial site, paired with the vacancy.
Interstitial site: A position between the regular lattice sites in a crystal structure. It is the destination site occupied by the displaced atom or ion.
Solid electrolyte: A solid that conducts ions and can serve as an electrolyte without a liquid phase. Frenkel defects can supply mobile ions in some solid electrolytes.
Anti-Frenkel defect: A vacancy–interstitial pair formed when an anion leaves its lattice site and enters an interstitial site. It is the anion counterpart to the commonly described cation Frenkel defect.
Schottky defect: A paired set of cation and anion vacancies in an ionic crystal, preserving electrical neutrality. Unlike a Frenkel defect, it creates vacancies without placing ions at interstitial sites.
Ionic crystal: A solid whose structure is held together primarily by electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. Frenkel defects commonly involve a cation moving within an ionic crystal.

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