Fujiwara no Teika

Fujiwara no Teika (1162–1241) was a Japanese waka poet, calligrapher, and literary critic. His poetry, theories, and editorial work shaped the later canon of classical Japanese literature.

Waka: Waka is a Japanese poetic tradition, especially its five-line, 31-syllable tanka form. Teika’s poems belong to this tradition and helped define its classical reputation.
Shin Kokin Wakashū: Shin Kokin Wakashū is an imperial waka anthology compiled in the early thirteenth century. Teika served among its compilers and contributed to its distinctive poetic selection.
Fujiwara no Shunzei: Fujiwara no Shunzei was a Japanese poet and critic of the late Heian period, and Teika’s father. Shunzei trained Teika and provided a central model for his poetic judgment.
Fujiwara no Kintō: Fujiwara no Kintō was a Heian courtier and poet who shaped early traditions of Japanese poetic criticism. His older classifications offer a precedent distinct from Teika’s later critical system.
Nijō poetic school: The Nijō school was a medieval Japanese waka lineage descended from Teika through his son Tameie. It preserved one branch of Teika’s legacy amid disputes over proper poetic practice.
Tanka: Tanka is a five-line Japanese poem with a 5–7–5–7–7 sound-unit pattern. This compact form is the main structure of Teika’s surviving poetry.
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu: Ogura Hyakunin Isshu is a collection of one hundred waka by one hundred poets, traditionally attributed to Teika’s selection. This anthology is the work most closely associated with Teika’s later public image.
Emperor Go-Toba: Emperor Go-Toba was a Japanese emperor who abdicated in 1198 and later ruled as a cloistered sovereign. Go-Toba patronized waka and worked with Teika on imperial poetry projects.
Minamoto no Sanetomo: Minamoto no Sanetomo was a Kamakura shogun and waka poet associated with the restrained style of Man’yōshū. His archaizing poetic model differs from Teika’s more varied experiments with classical styles.
Kyōgoku poetic school: The Kyōgoku school was a medieval Japanese waka lineage associated with Teika’s descendant Tamekane. Its freer poetic approach developed in tension with the conservative Nijō inheritance.

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