Fulfulde

Fulfulde is a West Atlantic language spoken by Fulani communities across much of West and Central Africa. Its regional varieties are also known as Pulaar and Pular.

Niger-Congo languages: A large language family spoken primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. Fulfulde is classified within this family through the Atlantic-Congo branch.
Pulaar: A name for Fulfulde varieties spoken especially in Senegal and neighboring parts of West Africa. Pulaar is a prominent regional name for the language in its western range.
Ajami: The use of modified Arabic script to write African languages. Fulfulde has been written in Ajami, especially in religious and educational settings.
Adamawa Fulfulde: A Fulfulde variety spoken in parts of Cameroon, Nigeria, and neighboring areas. It represents the language’s eastern range and contact with Central African settings.
Atlantic languages: A branch of Niger-Congo languages concentrated in West Africa. Fulfulde belongs to this branch, alongside languages such as Wolof.
Pular: A name for Fulfulde varieties spoken especially in Guinea and neighboring areas. Pular identifies the language in Guinea, where its varieties have distinct local histories.
Latin alphabet: The writing system based on letters inherited from ancient Roman script. Standardized Fulfulde orthographies commonly use Latin letters with additional conventions.
Borgu Fulfulde: A Fulfulde variety spoken in the Borgu region of Benin and Nigeria. Its communities illustrate Fulfulde’s presence in the western interior beyond the Sahel.
Noun class: A grammatical system that groups nouns and marks their properties through agreement on related words. Fulfulde nouns belong to classes that shape agreement and plural formation.
Wolof language: A West Atlantic language spoken mainly in Senegal and The Gambia. Wolof is a neighboring language, but it is distinct from Fulfulde despite shared regional classification.

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