Gallipoli campaign

The 1915–1916 Allied campaign against the Ottoman Empire to force the Dardanelles and capture Constantinople. Its landings on the Gallipoli Peninsula became a costly stalemate before Allied withdrawal.

Dardanelles naval operation: The 1915 Allied attempt to force the Dardanelles by sea and reach Constantinople. Its failure helped prompt the Allied landing on Gallipoli.
Winston Churchill: British politician who served as First Lord of the Admiralty during the early First World War. He strongly backed the naval attack that preceded the land campaign.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Ottoman officer and later founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. His leadership at Gallipoli helped establish his military reputation.
ANZAC legend: A national tradition celebrating the courage and sacrifice associated with Australian and New Zealand forces in war. Gallipoli became a foundational episode in this tradition.
Salonika campaign: The Allied military campaign based at Salonika in Greece from 1915 to 1918. It was another Allied effort to influence the war’s southeastern theater.
Landing at Cape Helles: The British and French landings at the southern tip of the Gallipoli Peninsula on 25 April 1915. It opened the campaign’s southern land front.
Eastern Front (World War I): The First World War’s theater of combat between the Central Powers and Russia and its allies in eastern Europe. The campaign was intended partly to improve Russia’s strategic position.
Ian Hamilton: British general who commanded the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force during the Gallipoli land campaign. He directed the Allied ground operations until his recall in October 1915.
Anzac Day: A commemorative day observed on 25 April in Australia and New Zealand for military service and sacrifice. Its date marks the first Allied landings at Gallipoli.
Mesopotamian campaign: The First World War campaign between British-led forces and the Ottoman Empire in Mesopotamia. It pitted the same empires against each other in a different theater.

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