Garry Kasparov

Garry Kasparov is a Russian chess grandmaster, former world champion, author, and political activist. He became the youngest undisputed world chess champion in 1985.

Kasparov–Karpov world championship matches: A series of five world championship matches between Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov from 1984 to 1990. Their prolonged rivalry defined Kasparov’s rise and much of his championship career.
Anatoly Karpov: A Soviet and Russian chess grandmaster who held the world championship from 1975 until 1985. Karpov was Kasparov’s principal rival in five world championship matches.
Baku: The capital of Azerbaijan, located on the Caspian Sea. Kasparov was born and raised in Baku, then part of the Soviet Union.
Kasparov Chess Foundation: A nonprofit organization founded by Garry Kasparov to promote chess education, especially for children. The foundation channels Kasparov’s advocacy for chess into school and community programs.
World Chess Championship split: The division of the world chess title between competing champions and organizations beginning in 1993. Kasparov’s break with FIDE helped trigger the title’s long institutional split.
Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov: A 1996–1997 chess match series between Garry Kasparov and IBM’s Deep Blue computer. The 1997 rematch made Kasparov the first reigning world champion defeated by a computer under standard tournament conditions.
Mikhail Botvinnik: A Soviet chess grandmaster and world champion who founded a school that trained generations of elite players. Kasparov studied at Botvinnik’s chess school as a young player.
Soviet chess school: A system of state-supported chess clubs, schools, coaches, and competitions in the Soviet Union. Kasparov’s development began within the Soviet system that produced many leading players.
Kasparov Against the World: A 1999 online chess match in which Garry Kasparov played against thousands of internet voters. The match connected Kasparov’s chess career with early mass participation on the internet.
Man versus machine: A recurring cultural idea that contrasts human abilities with those of machines. Kasparov’s Deep Blue matches became a global emblem of competition between human and machine intelligence.

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