Knowra Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the stomach and intestines, commonly causing diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sometimes fever. It can result from infections or other causes.
Norovirus : A highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis, often with vomiting and diarrhea. It is a leading cause of sudden outbreaks of gastroenteritis in people of all ages.
Oral rehydration solution : A drink containing water, glucose, and salts in proportions that support intestinal fluid absorption. It is a practical way to replace water and electrolytes lost through diarrhea and vomiting.
Irritable bowel syndrome : A disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It can cause diarrhea and pain but is not an acute inflammation caused by infection.
Hypovolemic shock : A life-threatening state caused by critically low blood volume and inadequate tissue perfusion. Extreme fluid loss from gastroenteritis can reduce circulating blood volume and cause shock.
Shigellosis : An intestinal infection caused by Shigella bacteria, often producing fever and bloody diarrhea. It is a contagious bacterial cause of gastroenteritis that can produce dysentery.
Rotavirus : A virus that causes severe diarrhea and vomiting, especially in infants and young children. It can produce substantial fluid loss in childhood gastroenteritis.
Intravenous fluid therapy : Delivery of fluids and electrolytes directly into a vein. Severe dehydration or inability to keep fluids down may require fluid replacement by this route.
Inflammatory bowel disease : A group of chronic disorders, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, involving intestinal inflammation. Its persistent or recurrent inflammation differs from the usually short course of acute gastroenteritis.
Electrolyte imbalance : An abnormal concentration of minerals such as sodium or potassium in body fluids. Diarrhea and vomiting can disturb electrolyte levels as well as deplete water.
Salmonellosis : Infection with Salmonella bacteria, commonly causing diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. It is a common foodborne cause of acute gastroenteritis.
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