Gavrilo Princip

Gavrilo Princip was a Bosnian Serb nationalist who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. The killings precipitated the July Crisis and helped trigger World War I.

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: The 28 June 1914 killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo. Princip’s attack was the final shooting in this coordinated assassination.
Bosnia and Herzegovina under Austro-Hungarian rule: The period from 1878 to 1918 when Austria-Hungary administered and then annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina. Princip grew up under this imperial administration, which many South Slav nationalists opposed.
Nedeljko Čabrinović: A Bosnian Serb member of the Sarajevo assassination group who threw a bomb at Franz Ferdinand’s motorcade. His failed attack earlier that day preceded Princip’s successful shooting.
Trial of the Sarajevo assassins: The Austro-Hungarian prosecution in 1914 of Princip and others accused in the Sarajevo assassination. Princip’s age and the court’s findings determined his sentence and shaped later disputes about responsibility.
Young Bosnia: A revolutionary movement of South Slav youth opposing Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Princip belonged to this movement, which supplied the assassins’ nationalist milieu.
Bosnian Crisis: The 1908–1909 international crisis caused by Austria-Hungary’s annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The annexation intensified nationalist resentment that shaped Princip’s generation.
Trifko Grabež: A Bosnian Serb nationalist and member of the group that planned the Sarajevo assassination. He was one of Princip’s fellow conspirators and was tried with him.
Terezín: A Czech fortress town used by Austria-Hungary as a prison, where Princip died in 1918. Princip was imprisoned there and died of tuberculosis before the war ended.
Black Hand: A secret Serbian nationalist society founded in 1911, also known as Unification or Death. Members helped arm and guide the Sarajevo assassins, though the extent of official Serbian involvement remains disputed.
South Slav nationalism: Political movements advocating unity or independence for South Slavic peoples. Princip’s opposition to Habsburg rule grew from a broader movement for South Slav liberation.

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