George II of Great Britain

George II was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760 and the last British monarch born outside Great Britain.

Hanover: A German territory ruled by the House of Hanover, whose rulers also occupied the British throne from 1714 to 1837. George was born and raised in Hanover, linking his British reign to its ruling dynasty.
Robert Walpole: A British statesman who led the government from 1721 to 1742 and is often regarded as Britain’s first prime minister. Walpole’s long ministry helped define the working relationship between George II and parliamentary government.
War of the Austrian Succession: A European war from 1740 to 1748 over the succession of Maria Theresa to the Habsburg lands. Britain fought in this conflict during George II’s reign, and he personally commanded troops at Dettingen.
Caroline of Ansbach: Queen consort of Great Britain from 1727 to 1737 and wife of George II. Caroline was a trusted political adviser to George II before her death.
George III: King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1801 and king of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1820. George II’s grandson succeeded him, carrying the Hanoverian line into a new political era.
George I of Great Britain: King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727 and George II’s father. His accession established the Hanoverian dynasty that George II inherited.
Cabinet of Great Britain: The group of senior ministers who direct the British government under the monarch and Parliament. The cabinet governed through ministers during a reign in which royal influence coexisted with parliamentary leadership.
Battle of Dettingen: A 1743 battle in Bavaria in which British and allied forces defeated a French army. George II became the last British monarch to lead troops in battle when he commanded at Dettingen.
Frederick, Prince of Wales: The eldest son of George II and heir to the British throne, who died in 1751 before becoming king. His strained relationship with George II became a prominent source of court and political conflict.
British monarchy: The constitutional institution headed by the sovereign of the United Kingdom and its predecessors. George II’s reign belongs to the monarchy’s shift toward government led increasingly by ministers and Parliament.

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