George Vancouver

George Vancouver (1757–1798) was a British Royal Navy officer and explorer who led an expedition around the world from 1791 to 1795, charting much of the Pacific Northwest coast.

Vancouver Expedition: The 1791–1795 Royal Navy voyage led by George Vancouver to survey the Pacific and circumnavigate the globe. This expedition was the setting for Vancouver’s coastal surveys and diplomatic encounters.
James Cook: A British Royal Navy captain and explorer who led three major voyages across the Pacific in the eighteenth century. Vancouver served as a midshipman on Cook’s second and third Pacific voyages.
Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra: A Spanish naval officer and explorer who led Pacific expeditions and negotiated with George Vancouver at Nootka Sound. Their cordial but inconclusive negotiations addressed the transfer of Spanish-held property at Nootka.
Spanish exploration of the Pacific Northwest: Spanish voyages that explored and mapped the Pacific Northwest coast during the eighteenth century. Spanish surveys and settlements preceded Vancouver’s work and contested British claims.
Vancouver Island: A large island off the coast of British Columbia, named for George Vancouver. Vancouver surveyed the island’s coastline and helped establish its name on British maps.
Second voyage of James Cook: James Cook’s 1772–1775 expedition that circumnavigated the globe and searched the southern Pacific for Terra Australis. Vancouver joined this voyage as a midshipman aboard HMS Resolution.
William Robert Broughton: A British naval officer who commanded HMS Chatham during George Vancouver’s Pacific expedition. Broughton led a separate survey of the Columbia River while serving under Vancouver.
James Hanna: A British maritime fur trader whose 1785 voyage to the Pacific Northwest helped establish the sea-otter trade. Hanna’s commercial voyages preceded Vancouver’s official survey and helped draw Britain to the coast.
Puget Sound: A network of inlets in the southern Salish Sea in Washington State. Vancouver’s expedition charted the sound in 1792.
Third voyage of James Cook: James Cook’s 1776–1780 expedition to the Pacific, including the search for a Northwest Passage. Vancouver served aboard HMS Discovery on this voyage and gained further Pacific experience.

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