George W. Bush

George W. Bush was the 43rd president of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009. His presidency was shaped by the September 11 attacks, wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the 2008 financial crisis.

September 11 attacks: A coordinated terrorist attack by al-Qaeda on the United States on September 11, 2001. The attacks transformed Bush’s presidency and prompted the declaration of a global war on terrorism.
Dick Cheney: An American politician who served as vice president under George W. Bush from 2001 to 2009. Cheney was a forceful adviser on national security and executive authority.
George H. W. Bush: The 41st president of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993, and father of George W. Bush. Their presidencies offer a direct comparison between father and son, especially on Iraq.
Condoleezza Rice: An American diplomat and political scientist who served as national security advisor and secretary of state under George W. Bush. Rice shaped national security policy and later led Bush’s diplomacy as secretary of state.
War in Afghanistan: A war beginning in 2001 after the United States invaded Afghanistan to dismantle al-Qaeda and remove the Taliban government. Bush launched the invasion after the Taliban refused to hand over al-Qaeda leaders.
Donald Rumsfeld: An American politician who served as U.S. secretary of defense from 2001 to 2006. Rumsfeld directed the Pentagon during the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
Barack Obama: The 44th president of the United States, serving from 2009 to 2017. Obama inherited the wars and financial crisis that dominated Bush’s final years.
Colin Powell: An American general and diplomat who served as secretary of state from 2001 to 2005. Powell presented the administration’s case against Iraq to the United Nations in 2003.
Iraq War: A war that began with the 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq and continued through the occupation and insurgency. The invasion became the defining and most contested military decision of Bush’s presidency.
National Security Council: A U.S. executive-branch body that advises the president on national security and foreign policy. It coordinated the officials and agencies involved in Bush’s post-9/11 decisions.

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