Georgian nationalism

Georgian nationalism comprises political movements and ideas emphasizing Georgian national identity, self-determination, and sovereignty. Its forms have shifted with imperial rule, independence, and changing borders.

Kingdom of Georgia: A medieval Georgian state whose political and cultural legacy became a reference point for later national movements. Its remembered unity supplied a historical precedent for modern claims to Georgian statehood.
Democratic Republic of Georgia: An independent Georgian republic that existed from 1918 to 1921. Its short-lived sovereignty became a precedent for later restoration of independence.
Noe Zhordania: A Georgian social democratic politician who led the government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia. His government pursued independence through a social-democratic political program.
Georgian civic nationalism: A form of Georgian nationalism that grounds political belonging primarily in shared citizenship and allegiance to Georgia. It offers an inclusive account of national membership beyond ethnic Georgian descent.
Georgian Civil War: Armed conflict in Georgia from 1991 to 1993 involving rival political forces and the overthrow of Zviad Gamsakhurdia. Independence-era political divisions turned nationalist state-building into internal armed conflict.
Russian Empire: A Eurasian empire that ruled Georgia from the early nineteenth century until its collapse in 1917. Imperial incorporation made language, church, and local authority central to Georgian political debates.
Sovietization of Georgia: The establishment of Soviet rule in Georgia after the Red Army invasion of 1921. It replaced the republic's independence with rule from a larger Soviet state.
Zviad Gamsakhurdia: A Georgian dissident, nationalist leader, and the country's first elected president after Soviet rule. His political career linked dissident activism to the restoration of Georgian statehood.
Georgian ethnic nationalism: A form of Georgian nationalism that emphasizes Georgian ancestry, language, and cultural heritage. It contrasts with civic definitions by making ethnic and cultural continuity central.
Rose Revolution: The peaceful 2003 uprising in Georgia that forced President Eduard Shevardnadze to resign. Its reform movement recast national renewal around state capacity and closer ties with Europe.

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