Geothermal power

Geothermal power is electricity generated by harnessing heat from within Earth. Plants use naturally occurring steam or hot water, or engineered systems that bring underground heat to the surface.

Dry steam power plant: A geothermal plant that sends naturally occurring underground steam directly through a turbine. It is the simplest design where a reservoir already supplies steam.
The Geysers: A geothermal field in California that hosts the world's largest complex of geothermal power plants. Its steam reservoir supports a major, long-running electricity complex.
Solar power: Electricity generated by converting sunlight into electrical energy, usually with photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems. Solar output varies with sunlight, while geothermal resources can provide continuous generation.
Renewable energy: Energy from sources replenished naturally on human timescales, such as sunlight, wind, and Earth’s internal heat. Geothermal power is one continuously replenished energy source within this broader family.
Flash steam power plant: A geothermal plant that lowers the pressure of hot water so some of it flashes into steam to drive a turbine. It converts high-pressure reservoir water into turbine-driving steam.
Larderello geothermal field: A geothermal field in Tuscany, Italy, where commercial geothermal electricity generation began in 1913. It shows how naturally available steam enabled early commercial power generation.
Wind power: Electricity generated by converting the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. Wind is renewable but variable; geothermal plants can supply steadier output.
Induced seismicity: Earthquakes triggered or influenced by human activities that alter underground stress or fluid pressure. Fluid injection and withdrawal can trigger small earthquakes near some geothermal projects.
Binary cycle power plant: A geothermal plant that transfers heat to a secondary fluid with a lower boiling point, which vaporizes to drive a turbine. It can generate electricity from water too cool to flash efficiently.
Iceland: A North Atlantic island nation with extensive volcanic activity and widespread geothermal energy use. Its volcanic resources make geothermal power a substantial part of electricity supply.

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