Good Neighbor policy

A U.S. policy toward Latin America, developed in the 1930s, that emphasized nonintervention, cooperation, and improved diplomatic relations.

Montevideo Convention: A 1933 treaty declaring that states have equal rights and that no state may intervene in another's internal or external affairs. Its nonintervention principle gave the policy a clear legal expression.
Franklin D. Roosevelt: The 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1945. Roosevelt made nonintervention a signature of U.S. policy toward Latin America.
Good Neighbor policy in Cuba: The application of nonintervention to Cuba, including the 1934 repeal of the Platt Amendment. Ending the amendment removed a prominent legal basis for U.S. intervention in Cuba.
Big Stick diplomacy: Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy approach, which paired negotiation with the threat of U.S. military force. Its coercive posture contrasts with the policy's stated emphasis on cooperation.
Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace: A 1936 Buenos Aires conference where American states pledged to consult and cooperate to preserve peace. The conference turned neighborly diplomacy into a regional commitment to consultation.
Cordell Hull: U.S. secretary of state from 1933 to 1944 and a leading architect of inter-American diplomacy. Hull helped negotiate the agreements that gave the policy substance.
1938 Mexican oil expropriation: Mexico's nationalization of foreign-owned oil properties under President Lázaro Cárdenas in 1938. U.S. restraint during the dispute tested the policy against major commercial interests.
Dollar Diplomacy: A U.S. foreign policy approach that used American investment and loans to expand influence abroad. Financial leverage remained a point of continuity beneath the shift away from military intervention.
Pan-Americanism: A movement advocating cooperation and shared institutions among the countries of the Americas. The policy drew on an older vision of hemispheric cooperation.
Clark Memorandum: A 1930 U.S. policy document rejecting the claim that the Monroe Doctrine justified unilateral intervention in Latin America. It articulated a shift toward a narrower interpretation of U.S. intervention rights.

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