Government (linguistics)

Government is a syntactic relationship in which one word determines the grammatical form, often case, of another. For example, a preposition may require a particular case on its noun.

Case (grammar): A grammatical category marking a noun phrase’s role or relationship in a sentence. Case is the form most commonly selected by a governing word.
Syntactic dependency: A relation in which one syntactic element depends on another for structural or interpretive properties. Government is a particular kind of relation between a head and its dependent.
Agreement (linguistics): A relation in which words share grammatical features, often through matching inflection. Agreement involves feature matching, unlike government’s selection of a dependent’s form.
Traditional grammar: A long-standing approach to grammar that classifies words and describes their forms and relations. Traditional grammars used government to describe how words control dependent forms.
Valency (linguistics): The capacity of a word, especially a verb, to license a particular number and type of dependents. A governor’s selection of dependents is part of its valency.
Head (linguistics): The central word in a phrase, which determines its syntactic type and can control its dependents. The governing element is typically analyzed as the dependent’s head.
Concord (grammar): The matching of grammatical features among words within a phrase or clause. Concord describes shared features rather than a governor’s choice of case.
Latin grammar: The analysis and description of Latin’s forms, syntax, and grammatical categories. Latin’s rich case system made government a prominent grammatical description.
Subcategorization: The specification of the syntactic complements that a lexical item can take. Government is one way a lexical item imposes requirements on its complements.
Dependent (linguistics): A word or phrase whose syntactic properties are linked to another element in a construction. A governed word is the dependent whose form is selected.

Linked from 2 pages