Greek Civil War

An armed conflict fought in Greece from 1946 to 1949 between the government and communist-led insurgents. Its outcome consolidated the monarchy and aligned Greece with the Western bloc.

Dekemvriana: Armed clashes in Athens in December 1944 between communist-led resistance forces and the Greek government, backed by British troops. The fighting foreshadowed the armed conflict that resumed in 1946.
Greek resistance: The organized opposition to Axis occupation in Greece during the Second World War. Its rival groups and political divisions shaped the forces confronting each other after liberation.
Greek refugees of the Civil War: People displaced from Greece during or after the civil war, including thousands of children sent abroad by both sides. The insurgency’s defeat produced exile and lasting separation from families and communities.
Greek Civil War (1821–1832): A series of internal conflicts during the Greek War of Independence against Ottoman rule. The earlier conflict shares the name but belongs to a different era and political struggle.
Varkiza Agreement: A 1945 agreement requiring the disarmament of the Greek communist-led resistance organization ELAS. Its disarmament terms preceded renewed insurgency and disputes over political inclusion.
National Liberation Front (Greece): A broad resistance coalition founded in 1941 and dominated by the Greek Communist Party. Its wartime organization and political influence fed into the postwar communist movement.
Greek junta: The military dictatorship that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974. The postwar anticommunist state helped establish political conditions that persisted into the junta era.
Yugoslav People's Liberation War: The communist-led resistance and revolutionary struggle against Axis occupation in Yugoslavia during the Second World War. Its victorious communist outcome contrasts with the defeat of the Greek insurgency.
Democratic Army of Greece: The communist-led insurgent army that fought the Greek government during the civil war. It was the principal armed force challenging the government.
Greek People's Liberation Army: The armed wing of the National Liberation Front during the Axis occupation of Greece. Its wartime fighters and leadership formed a major part of the later insurgency.

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