Greek sculpture

Greek sculpture is three-dimensional art made in the Greek world, especially from the Bronze Age through the Hellenistic period. It includes freestanding figures, reliefs, and architectural sculpture in materials such as marble and bronze.

Lost-wax casting: A method for casting metal objects by replacing a wax model with molten metal in a mold. It enabled hollow bronze statues that could be larger and more dynamic than solid castings.
Minoan art: The art produced by the Bronze Age Minoan civilization centered on Crete. Minoan traditions formed part of the Aegean artistic inheritance preceding Greek sculpture.
Phidias: A fifth-century BCE Greek sculptor associated with major works at the Athenian Acropolis and colossal cult statues. Ancient sources connect him with the sculptural program of the Parthenon.
Kouros: A type of Archaic Greek statue depicting a nude standing young man, usually front-facing. Kouroi show the formal conventions of early monumental Greek sculpture.
Roman copies of Greek sculpture: Roman reproductions and adaptations of Greek statues, often made in marble from bronze originals. Many Greek works survive chiefly through Roman copies.
Contrapposto: A standing pose in which a figure's weight rests mainly on one leg, producing an asymmetrical stance. This pose gave many Greek statues a more natural balance and implied movement.
Mycenaean art: The art of the Mycenaean civilization, which flourished on mainland Greece during the Late Bronze Age. Mycenaean objects and imagery provide an earlier mainland context for Greek art.
Polykleitos: A fifth-century BCE Greek sculptor known for a canon of bodily proportions and balanced poses. His approach made proportion and contrapposto central topics in Greek sculpture.
Kore: A type of Archaic Greek statue depicting a clothed standing young woman. Korai reveal how dress, color, and offerings shaped female votive figures.
Neoclassicism: An artistic movement that revived ancient Greek and Roman forms and ideals, especially from the eighteenth century onward. Greek sculpture became a model for neoclassical ideals of form, proportion, and restraint.

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