Knowra Group 10 element Group 10 element A chemical element in periodic-table group 10: nickel, palladium, platinum, or darmstadtium. The three naturally occurring members are transition metals; darmstadtium is synthetic and highly radioactive.
Periodic table : A tabular arrangement of chemical elements ordered by atomic number and recurring chemical properties. Group 10 is one vertical column in this broader organization of elements.
Nickel : A silvery transition metal with atomic number 28, used in alloys, batteries, and catalysis. Nickel is the lightest group 10 member and commonly forms the +2 oxidation state.
Catalytic converter : An exhaust-treatment device that uses catalysts to convert harmful gases into less harmful substances. Platinum, palladium, and rhodium catalysts in converters make group 10 metals economically significant.
Group 9 element : A chemical element in periodic-table group 9: cobalt, rhodium, iridium, or meitnerium. The adjacent group shares transition-metal character but has different electron counts and chemistry.
Transition metal : An element whose atom or common ion has an incomplete d subshell. Nickel, palladium, and platinum are transition metals within this category.
Palladium : A rare, silvery transition metal with atomic number 46, valued for catalysis and hydrogen absorption. Palladium’s ability to absorb hydrogen distinguishes its chemistry among group 10 metals.
Hydrogenation : A chemical reaction that adds hydrogen to a molecule, often using a metal catalyst. Nickel and palladium catalysts enable industrial and laboratory hydrogenation.
Group 11 element : A chemical element in periodic-table group 11: copper, silver, gold, or roentgenium. Group 11 metals are especially known for coinage-metal chemistry, unlike group 10’s catalytic profile.
Electron configuration : The distribution of an atom’s electrons among its orbitals and energy levels. Their d-electron configurations help explain both shared behavior and exceptions within group 10.
Platinum : A dense, corrosion-resistant transition metal with atomic number 78, used in catalysis and jewelry. Platinum’s resistance to oxidation and versatile catalysis exemplify the group’s heavier members.
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