Guru Granth Sahib

The central scripture of Sikhism, containing devotional hymns by Sikh Gurus and other saints. Sikhs regard it as the eternal living Guru.

Sikhism: A monotheistic religion founded in Punjab by Guru Nanak in the fifteenth century. The scripture is Sikhism’s central religious authority and focus of worship.
Adi Granth: The 1604 compilation of Sikh scripture prepared under Guru Arjan, which became the core of the Guru Granth Sahib. It is the foundational compiled volume incorporated into the present scripture.
Guru Angad: The second Sikh Guru, who developed the Gurmukhi script used to write Sikh scripture. Gurmukhi gave the Sikh community a script for recording sacred compositions.
Nitnem: The daily practice of reciting prescribed Sikh prayers at particular times of day. Daily prayer draws on compositions preserved in the scripture.
Dasam Granth: A collection of writings traditionally associated with Guru Gobind Singh, distinct from the Guru Granth Sahib in status and contents. It is revered by many Sikhs but does not hold the scripture’s status as the living Guru.
Guru Nanak: The founder of Sikhism and its first Guru, whose teachings emphasized devotion to one God and human equality. His hymns are among the earliest compositions preserved in the scripture.
Guru Arjan: The fifth Sikh Guru, who compiled the Adi Granth and contributed many hymns to it. His compilation established an authoritative collection of Sikh scripture.
Guru Amar Das: The third Sikh Guru, whose hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib. His compositions contributed to the growing body of Sikh sacred verse.
Sukhmani Sahib: A long devotional composition by Guru Arjan in the Guru Granth Sahib, often recited for peace and spiritual reflection. It is a prominent composition used for personal and congregational devotion.
Janamsakhi: A narrative tradition recounting the life and teachings of Guru Nanak through hagiographic stories. Unlike the scripture’s hymns, these works narrate a Guru’s life and are not the Sikh canon’s central authority.

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