Guru Nanak

Guru Nanak (1469–1539) founded Sikhism and became its first Guru. His teachings emphasized devotion to one God, honest work, equality, and service.

Ik Onkar: A Sikh affirmation of one ultimate reality, expressed in the opening of the Guru Granth Sahib. Its statement of divine oneness opens the scripture with a principle central to Nanak’s teaching.
Rai Bular: A Muslim landholder and administrator traditionally remembered as an early supporter of Guru Nanak. Tradition credits Rai Bular with recognizing Nanak’s spiritual distinction in his youth.
Guru Angad: The second Sikh Guru, appointed by Guru Nanak as his successor. Nanak’s choice of Lehna, later Guru Angad, established succession by spiritual merit.
Guru Granth Sahib: The central Sikh scripture, revered as the eternal Guru and containing hymns by Sikh Gurus and other spiritual poets. It preserves many of Nanak’s hymns and carries forward the authority of Sikh teaching.
Naam Simran: The Sikh practice of meditating on and remembering God’s name. Nanak taught remembrance of the divine as a way of orienting everyday life.
Bhai Mardana: A Muslim musician and longtime companion of Guru Nanak, traditionally associated with the rabab. Mardana accompanied Nanak on journeys, with music forming part of their devotional practice.
Guru Amar Das: The third Sikh Guru, who developed Sikh institutions and strengthened the langar tradition. His leadership expanded practices rooted in the community Nanak founded.
Janamsakhi: A genre of traditional Sikh narratives recounting the life and travels of Guru Nanak. These stories shape popular memory of Nanak, though they are not straightforward contemporary biographies.
Kirat Karo: The Sikh principle of earning a living through honest work. It captures Nanak’s insistence that spiritual life belongs within responsible daily labor.
Sultanpur Lodhi: A town in Punjab where Guru Nanak worked for a time before beginning his travels. Accounts place Nanak’s early adult life and the start of his public mission here.

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