Gyrator

A gyrator is an ideal two-port electrical network element that converts voltage at one port into current at the other. Its defining nonreciprocity reverses the usual relationship between voltage and current across ports.

Connect

Gyration resistance: The proportionality constant relating a gyrator’s port voltage to current at the other port. It sets the scale of the voltage-to-current conversion in the gyrator’s defining equations.
Electrical impedance: The frequency-dependent ratio of voltage to current in an electrical circuit element or network. Impedance is the quantity a gyrator transforms between its ports.
Active inductor: An electronic circuit that uses active devices to reproduce an inductor’s terminal behavior. A gyrator with a capacitor can form an active inductor.
Bernard D. H. Tellegen: A Dutch electrical engineer known for contributions to circuit theory and the invention of the gyrator. Tellegen introduced the gyrator as a theoretical network element in 1948.
Transformer: A device that transfers electrical energy between circuits through magnetic coupling, usually changing voltage and current in reciprocal proportions. Unlike an ideal gyrator, an ideal transformer is reciprocal and does not invert impedance in the same way.
Impedance inversion: A transformation in which an electrical network’s impedance is replaced by a proportional inverse impedance. A gyrator converts a load impedance at one port into an inversely proportional impedance at the other.
Electrical port: A pair of terminals through which electrical energy enters or leaves a network. Each gyrator port has a voltage and current whose relation defines the element.
Integrated circuit: An electronic circuit whose components and connections are fabricated together on a semiconductor substrate. Gyrator circuits can replace bulky inductors that are difficult to fabricate on chips.
Tellegen's theorem: A circuit-theory theorem stating that the sum of instantaneous powers in a network satisfying Kirchhoff’s laws is zero. Tellegen’s network theory provides a broader setting for analyzing ideal elements such as gyrators.
Ideal inductor: An ideal circuit element whose voltage is proportional to the rate of change of its current. A gyrator can synthesize inductor-like behavior, but it is a two-port nonreciprocal element.