Hague Conventions

The Hague Conventions are treaties adopted at international peace conferences in 1899 and 1907 that regulate aspects of warfare, including weapons, combatant conduct, and occupation.

International humanitarian law: The body of international law that limits the effects of armed conflict and protects people who are not or are no longer fighting. The Hague rules form a major part of this broader body of law.
First Hague Conference: The 1899 international conference that produced agreements on peaceful dispute settlement and the conduct of war. It produced the first Hague conventions and declarations.
Hague Convention IV: The 1907 treaty on the laws and customs of war on land, accompanied by regulations governing hostilities and occupation. Its annex contains the most widely cited Hague rules for land warfare.
Hague Regulations: The annex to the 1907 Hague Convention IV setting rules for land warfare and military occupation. These regulations became the central practical code associated with the conventions.
Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907: The treaties adopted at the first and second Hague Peace Conferences, addressing warfare and peaceful dispute settlement. This narrower historical grouping distinguishes the original conference treaties from later Hague instruments.
Law of war: The rules of international law governing the conduct of armed conflict. The conventions codified rules about how war may be conducted.
Second Hague Conference: The 1907 international conference that revised and expanded laws governing war and peaceful dispute settlement. Its conventions developed and replaced parts of the 1899 framework.
Hague Convention V: The 1907 treaty defining the rights and duties of neutral powers and persons in land warfare. It limits how belligerents may involve neutral territory in land conflict.
Hague Declaration concerning Asphyxiating Gases: A 1899 declaration prohibiting the use of projectiles whose sole purpose is to spread asphyxiating or deleterious gases. It is an early example of the conferences prohibiting a weapon category.
Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: A 1980 treaty establishing procedures for returning children wrongfully removed across international borders. It is a later Hague treaty unrelated to the laws of warfare.

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