Knowra Haloperidol Haloperidol Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic medication that blocks dopamine D₂ receptors. It is used for schizophrenia, acute psychosis, severe agitation, and certain movement disorders.
Dopamine D₂ receptor : A G protein-coupled receptor through which dopamine influences movement, motivation, and other brain functions. Haloperidol’s principal therapeutic action is antagonism at this receptor.
Schizophrenia : A psychiatric disorder involving psychosis, altered cognition, and changes in motivation and functioning. Haloperidol is used to treat schizophrenia, particularly its positive symptoms.
Chlorpromazine : A first-generation antipsychotic with prominent sedative and anticholinergic effects. This earlier antipsychotic contrasts with haloperidol’s relatively lower anticholinergic activity and greater movement-risk profile.
Acute dystonia : A sudden involuntary muscle contraction that causes abnormal postures or repetitive movements. It can occur soon after starting or increasing haloperidol.
Dopamine : A neurotransmitter and hormone involved in movement, motivation, reward, and several bodily functions. Haloperidol’s principal target acts by responding to this neurotransmitter.
Mesolimbic pathway : A dopamine projection from the ventral tegmental area to limbic regions, including the nucleus accumbens. Blocking dopamine signaling here is linked to reduced positive symptoms of psychosis.
Acute psychosis : A state of sudden or rapidly worsening loss of contact with reality, often involving delusions or hallucinations. Haloperidol can be used for short-term treatment of severe psychotic symptoms.
Risperidone : A second-generation antipsychotic that blocks dopamine D₂ and serotonin 5-HT₂A receptors. It represents a later drug class with a different balance of motor and metabolic adverse effects.
Akathisia : A distressing state of inner restlessness accompanied by a need to move. Haloperidol can cause akathisia, which may be mistaken for worsening agitation.
Antipsychotic : A medication used to treat psychosis and certain related psychiatric symptoms. Haloperidol belongs to this medication family.
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