Hans Scholl

Hans Scholl (1918–1943) was a German medical student and anti-Nazi activist who co-founded the White Rose resistance group with his sister Sophie.

Sophie Scholl: Sophie Scholl was a German student and anti-Nazi activist who helped lead the White Rose resistance group. Hans’s sister and co-founder, she helped distribute the group’s leaflets and was executed alongside him.
White Rose leaflets: The White Rose leaflets were anonymous texts urging Germans to resist Nazi rule and its crimes. Hans helped write and circulate these texts as the group’s principal form of resistance.
German Youth Movement: The German Youth Movement was a diverse set of youth organizations and cultural currents that emerged around 1900. Hans’s early participation connected him to a movement distinct from, and later constrained by, Nazi youth organizations.
Gestapo: The Gestapo was Nazi Germany’s secret state police, responsible for investigating and suppressing political opposition. It interrogated Hans after his arrest and helped dismantle the White Rose network.
Christoph Probst: Christoph Probst was a German medical student and member of the White Rose resistance group. He joined Hans and Sophie in the group’s final leaflet campaign and was executed with them.
White Rose: The White Rose was a German student-led resistance group that opposed Nazism through clandestine leaflets. Hans’s activism took place within this Munich-based network.
Hitler Youth: The Hitler Youth was the Nazi Party’s youth organization, which became compulsory for most German boys in 1939. Hans’s early membership preceded his rejection of the regime’s attempt to monopolize youth life.
People's Court: The People's Court was a Nazi political tribunal established in 1934 to prosecute offenses against the state. It sentenced Hans to death in a trial designed to punish and intimidate opponents.
Alexander Schmorell: Alexander Schmorell was a German-Russian medical student and founding member of the White Rose. He helped Hans establish the resistance circle and compose its early leaflets.
University of Munich: The University of Munich is a public research university founded in 1472 and based in Munich, Germany. Hans studied medicine there, and the university became a site of the group’s leaflet action.

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