Haredi Judaism

Haredi Judaism is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that emphasizes strict observance of Jewish law, traditional communal life, and resistance to secularization.

Halakha: The collective body of Jewish law, derived from scripture, rabbinic interpretation, and later legal rulings. Haredi communities organize daily conduct around stringent interpretations of this legal tradition.
Haskalah: The Jewish Enlightenment, a movement promoting secular learning and integration into European society. Haredi opposition to secularization developed partly in response to this movement.
Israel Meir Kagan: A Lithuanian Jewish rabbi and ethicist known as the Chofetz Chaim. His writings and yeshiva leadership made him a model of Lithuanian Haredi scholarship.
Modern Orthodox Judaism: A movement combining commitment to Orthodox Jewish law with engagement in modern culture and society. Its greater integration with secular education and public life marks a major contrast.
Haredi education: The system of schools and study institutions serving Haredi children and adults. Curricula and gender arrangements express communal priorities and shape future religious leadership.
Orthodox Judaism: The modern movement in Judaism that holds Jewish law and tradition binding. Haredi Judaism is one of its major movements.
Emancipation of the Jews: The process by which European Jews gained civil rights from the late eighteenth century onward. New social freedoms challenged inherited communal authority and helped spur Haredi separation.
Joel Teitelbaum: A Hungarian-born Hasidic rabbi who founded the Satmar dynasty in the United States. His community became a prominent example of stringent Haredi separation from secular society.
Reform Judaism: A Jewish movement that treats religious practice as responsive to changing historical and ethical circumstances. Its approach to the authority of Jewish law contrasts sharply with Haredi commitments.
Haredi dress: Distinctive forms of clothing associated with different Haredi communities and traditions. Dress signals modesty, affiliation, and continuity with particular communal histories.

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