Heat map

A graphical representation of values in a matrix or spatial area that uses color to show differences in magnitude or intensity.

Color map: A mapping from numerical values to colors, often used to encode data in a visualization. It specifies which colors represent which values in the heat map.
Correlation matrix: A square table showing pairwise correlation coefficients among a set of variables. A heat map commonly encodes each coefficient with a color.
Sequential color scale: A color scale that orders colors by increasing or decreasing value magnitude. It is suited to heat maps that encode a single ordered quantity.
Isarithmic map: A map that represents a continuous field with lines or bands of equal value. It shows value boundaries explicitly instead of relying only on colored areas.
Color vision: The visual system's ability to distinguish colors through different photoreceptor responses. Color-vision limits affect whether heat-map categories can be distinguished.
Gene expression profiling: The measurement of expression levels for many genes across samples or conditions. Heat maps display expression patterns across genes and samples.
Diverging color scale: A color scale that uses contrasting hues on either side of a meaningful central value. It highlights values below and above a midpoint such as zero.
Scatter plot: A graph that displays paired observations as points on two coordinate axes. A scatter plot preserves individual observations that an aggregated heat map may hide.
Matrix (mathematics): A rectangular arrangement of numbers or other entries organized in rows and columns. Matrix heat maps assign a color to each entry in this arrangement.
Choropleth map: A map that shades geographic regions according to an associated statistical value. Unlike a heat map's continuous spatial field, it colors predefined geographic areas.

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