Heisei era

The Heisei era was the period of Japanese history corresponding to Emperor Akihito’s reign, from January 8, 1989, to April 30, 2019.

Japanese asset price bubble: A late-1980s surge in Japanese land and stock prices followed by a sharp collapse. Its collapse opened Heisei with prolonged economic stagnation.
Hirohito: The emperor of Japan from 1926 until his death in 1989, posthumously known as Emperor Shōwa. His death ended the Shōwa era and initiated the succession.
Michiko: The empress consort of Japan during Akihito’s reign, known after his abdication as Empress Emerita. Her public role alongside Akihito shaped the era’s image of the imperial family.
Japanese economic miracle: Japan’s rapid economic growth from the 1950s through the early 1970s. Its growth-era optimism contrasted with Heisei’s prolonged stagnation.
Tokyo subway sarin attack: A 1995 chemical attack in which Aum Shinrikyo members released sarin on Tokyo subway trains. It became one of Heisei’s most consequential episodes of domestic terrorism.
Lost Decades: A period of economic stagnation in Japan beginning after the asset-price bubble collapsed in the early 1990s. The long downturn became a defining economic feature of Heisei.
Akihito: The emperor of Japan from 1989 to 2019, known after his abdication as Emperor Emeritus. His reign supplied the historical span named Heisei.
Emperor of Japan: The ceremonial and constitutional head of state of Japan and symbol of the state and unity of the people. Akihito’s position and changing public role framed Heisei’s imperial institution.
Japan's Lost Decade: A common name for Japan’s economic stagnation during the 1990s after its asset-price bubble burst. This narrower label contrasts with accounts that extend stagnation across multiple decades.
1995 Kobe earthquake: A common name for the Great Hanshin earthquake that struck the Kobe region in 1995. Its response failures contrasted with later improvements in disaster preparedness.

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