High jump

A track-and-field event in which athletes leap over a horizontal bar without dislodging it. Competitors choose their approach and jumping technique, and the highest successful clearance wins.

Fosbury flop: A high-jump technique in which the athlete clears the bar while facing upward and landing on the back. This technique transformed bar clearance by letting athletes arch their bodies over the bar.
Michael Sweeney: An Irish-American high jumper who set a world record using the Eastern cut-off technique in 1895. His record illustrates the transition from upright jumping styles toward more efficient clearance.
World Athletics Championships: An international athletics championship organized by World Athletics, held since 1983. High jump is contested as a medal event at these championships.
Pole vault: A track-and-field event in which athletes use a flexible pole to propel themselves over a crossbar. Unlike high jump, it permits an implement to add energy and height to the clearance.
Scissors jump: A high-jump technique in which the athlete clears the bar upright, lifting one leg and then the other. It shows how high jump can be performed without the backward rotation of the Fosbury flop.
George Horine: An American high jumper who introduced the Western roll and set a world record in 1912. His technique replaced earlier styles for decades before the Fosbury flop became dominant.
Olympic high jump: The men's and women's high-jump competitions held as part of the Summer Olympic Games. Olympic competition is the event's most prominent recurring international stage.
Long jump: A track-and-field event in which athletes run and leap for distance into a sandpit. Long jump measures horizontal distance rather than the height of a bar cleared.
Takeoff: The phase of a jump in which an athlete plants a foot and converts the approach into upward motion. Its timing and direction determine the height and rotation available for clearing the bar.
Dick Fosbury: An American high jumper who popularized the backward bar-clearing technique known as the Fosbury flop. His success at the 1968 Olympics established the technique that now defines elite high jump.

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