Hip fracture

A break in the upper femur near the hip joint, most often involving the femoral neck or trochanteric region. It can disrupt mobility and blood supply to the femoral head.

Femoral neck fracture: A break through the narrow region connecting the femoral head to the femoral shaft. This intracapsular subtype can threaten blood flow to the femoral head.
Radiography: Medical imaging that uses X-rays to produce pictures of internal structures. Plain hip radiographs usually provide the first confirmation and classification of a suspected fracture.
Hip fracture surgery: Operative treatment that stabilizes or replaces structures damaged by a fracture near the hip. Most patients benefit from timely surgery to relieve pain and enable mobilization.
Postoperative mortality: Death occurring after an operation, measured over a specified period. Hip fracture is associated with substantial mortality after surgery, reflecting injury and underlying illness.
Intertrochanteric fracture: A break through the femur between the greater and lesser trochanters. This common extracapsular subtype is distinguished from femoral neck fractures by its location.
Magnetic resonance imaging: An imaging method that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body. MRI can reveal an occult hip fracture when radiographs are negative but suspicion remains.
Orthogeriatrics: A collaborative model combining orthopedic surgery and geriatric medicine for older adults with musculoskeletal injuries. It addresses frailty, medications, cognition, and medical illness alongside fracture repair.
Activities of daily living: Basic self-care tasks such as bathing, dressing, eating, and moving around. Loss of these abilities is a major measure of functional impact after hip fracture.
Subtrochanteric fracture: A break in the femur just below the lesser trochanter, extending into the upper shaft. Some classifications include these nearby upper-femur breaks among hip fractures.
Open reduction and internal fixation: Surgery that realigns a fracture and secures it with implants such as screws or plates. Fixation preserves the native joint in many fractures where the bone fragments can be stabilized.

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