History of Bangladesh

The history of the region that became Bangladesh, from ancient Bengal through colonial rule and partition to independence in 1971 and the development of the modern state.

Ancient Bengal: The early history of Bengal, a region spanning parts of present-day Bangladesh and eastern India. Its kingdoms and settlements form the earliest recorded history of the region.
Language Movement: A movement in East Bengal demanding recognition of Bengali as a state language of Pakistan. Its protests made language a central issue in Bengali political identity.
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: A Bengali nationalist leader who led the Awami League and became Bangladesh's first president and prime minister. His leadership joined autonomy demands to the independence movement.
Bangladesh famine of 1974: A severe food crisis in Bangladesh in 1974, marked by famine-related deaths and displacement. The crisis exposed the new state's vulnerability to floods, scarcity, and administrative failures.
Bangladesh genocide: The mass killings and other atrocities committed by Pakistani forces and allied groups during the 1971 war. Disputes over recognition, responsibility, and death toll remain politically consequential.
Pala Empire: A Buddhist dynasty that ruled much of Bengal and Bihar from the eighth to the twelfth centuries. The empire made Bengal a major center of Buddhist learning and political power.
Six-Point Movement: The 1966 campaign for extensive autonomy for East Pakistan, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the Awami League. Its demands became a blueprint for Bengali self-government.
Tajuddin Ahmad: A Bengali politician who led Bangladesh's provisional government during the 1971 liberation war. He organized wartime government while Mujibur Rahman was imprisoned in Pakistan.
Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: The 1975 military coup in which Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and most of his family were killed. The assassination ended the founding government's rule and opened a period of coups.
International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh): A Bangladeshi domestic tribunal established in 2009 to prosecute crimes committed during the 1971 war. Its trials addressed wartime accountability while prompting debate over due process and justice.

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History of West BengalCompared with: Its account follows the eastern half of Bengal after the 1947 partition.