Hominini

Hominini is a taxonomic tribe of great apes that includes humans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and their extinct relatives. Its members share a more recent common ancestor with one another than with gorillas.

Homininae: A subfamily of great apes that includes humans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas. Hominini is one of the two living tribes within this subfamily.
Human–chimpanzee last common ancestor: The ancestral population from which the human and chimpanzee lineages diverged. Its descendants gave rise to the two major living branches of Hominini.
Gorillini: The taxonomic tribe containing gorillas and their extinct relatives. Gorillini is the sister tribe to Hominini within Homininae.
Homo sapiens: The living human species, distinguished by habitual bipedalism, complex language, and cumulative culture. Humans are the sole surviving species of Hominina.
Panina: The tribe containing chimpanzees and bonobos, including their extinct relatives. This is the chimpanzee-side branch of Hominini.
Ardipithecus: An extinct genus of early hominins known from fossils in Ethiopia. Its species help document early diversity on the human-side branch.
Ponginae: The great-ape subfamily containing orangutans and their extinct relatives. Its lineage diverged before the common ancestor of Hominini and Gorillini.
Pan troglodytes: The common chimpanzee, a great ape native to equatorial Africa. It is one of the two living species in Panina.
Hominina: The subtribe containing humans and their extinct relatives after divergence from the chimpanzee lineage. This is the human-side branch of Hominini.
Sahelanthropus: An extinct genus represented by fossils from Chad, including a cranium dated to about seven million years ago. Its placement near the human–chimpanzee divergence remains central to debates about early Hominini.

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