Hong Xiuquan

Hong Xiuquan was a Chinese religious leader who founded the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and led the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing dynasty.

Taiping Rebellion: A civil war in China from 1850 to 1864, led by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom against the Qing dynasty. Hong’s religious claims became the ideological center of this vast uprising.
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom: A rebel state established by the Taiping movement in southern China, with its capital at Nanjing from 1853. Hong ruled this state as its Heavenly King.
Yang Xiuqing: A Taiping leader who claimed to speak as God the Father and became the kingdom’s chief administrator. His authority as God’s mouthpiece brought him into conflict with Hong.
Jintian Uprising: The 1851 revolt in Guangxi that formally began the Taiping Rebellion. Hong’s movement changed from religious association to open rebellion at Jintian.
Feng Yunshan: A Taiping leader who recruited followers and organized the God Worshipping Society in Guangxi. His organizing work helped turn Hong’s teachings into a movement.
拜上帝会: The Chinese name commonly used for the God Worshipping Society, meaning Society of God-Worshippers. The society’s Chinese name highlights the movement’s exclusive worship of Shangdi.
Xiao Chaogui: A Taiping leader who claimed to speak as Jesus Christ during religious revelations. His prophetic role reinforced the movement’s claim to direct divine authority.
Tianjing Incident: The 1856 purge in the Taiping capital in which Yang Xiuqing and many followers were killed. Hong ordered the purge that shattered trust among the kingdom’s senior leaders.
God Worshipping Society: The religious movement founded by Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshan that became the Taiping uprising’s organizational base. Hong’s early followers formed this society around his divine revelations.
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Bible: A Taiping-edited collection of biblical texts adapted to the movement’s theology. Its revisions gave institutional form to Hong’s interpretation of Christian scripture.

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