HSL and HSV

HSL and HSV are cylindrical color models that describe colors by hue and saturation, paired with lightness in HSL and value in HSV. They re-express RGB colors but do not match human color perception uniformly.

RGB color model: An additive color model that represents colors through red, green, and blue component values. HSL and HSV derive their coordinates from RGB component values.
CIELAB: A color space designed so coordinate distances approximate perceived color differences. Unlike HSL and HSV, it aims for perceptual uniformity.
Color picker: An interface for selecting and adjusting colors through visual controls or numeric coordinates. Many color pickers expose HSL or HSV controls for intuitive hue and saturation adjustments.
Color harmony: The arrangement of colors considered visually coherent or pleasing in a composition. Hue angles make wheel-based harmony schemes easy to express in these models.
Hue: The attribute of color associated with its position around a color wheel. Both models encode hue as an angle around their cylindrical coordinate systems.
HWB color model: A cylindrical color model that describes colors by hue, whiteness, and blackness. HWB offers a related, often more direct interface for tinting and shading.
CSS color: A set of syntax rules and functions for specifying colors in Cascading Style Sheets. CSS supports HSL and HSV-like color entry through HSL and HWB functions.
Perceptual uniformity: The property of a color space in which equal coordinate changes correspond to similar perceived differences. HSL and HSV lack uniformity, so equal numeric adjustments can look unequal across hues.
Colorfulness: The perceived degree to which a color differs from a gray of the same brightness. Saturation coordinates in these models are intended to describe color intensity, but do not equal perceived colorfulness.
Luma (video): A weighted measure of video signal brightness derived from encoded color components. Neither HSL lightness nor HSV value is equivalent to luma.

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