Hula hoop

A lightweight hoop spun around the body, usually at the waist, as a toy, exercise prop, or performance object. Its motion depends on rhythmic body movements that keep it rotating.

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Angular momentum: A measure of rotational motion determined by an object's mass, shape, and rate of rotation. The hoop’s rotation resists changes in its motion as the body keeps it moving.
Hoop rolling: A traditional game in which a hoop is propelled along the ground, often with a stick. Rolling hoops belong to the older play tradition from which hoop toys developed.
Hooping: A movement practice using one or more hoops for play, fitness, dance, or performance. Hooping names the broader practice built around manipulating hoops.
Weighted hula hoop: A hoop with added mass, often used for exercise or slower, controlled movement. Its greater mass changes the effort and feel compared with a lightweight toy hoop.
Torque: The rotational effect of a force acting around an axis. Waist movements apply forces that change the hoop’s rotation and position.
Ancient Greek sports: Athletic and recreational activities practiced in ancient Greek societies. Ancient Greek sources describe hoop play as exercise and recreation.
Hula-hooping exercise: Physical exercise that uses repeated hooping movements to train coordination and endurance. Fitness routines adapt waist hooping into repeated, sustained exercise.
LED hoop: A hoop fitted with light-emitting diodes for illuminated movement and performance. Lighting turns hoop manipulation into a visual performance distinct from ordinary play.
Centripetal force: The inward force required to keep an object moving along a curved path. Contact with the body continually redirects the hoop around its circular path.
Wham-O: An American toy company founded in 1948 and known for mass-market playthings. Wham-O turned the modern plastic hoop into a widely marketed toy in 1958.