Hydraulic machinery

Hydraulic machinery uses pressurized liquid to transmit power and produce controlled force or motion. It includes devices such as presses, lifts, and construction equipment.

Pascal's law: Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and to the container walls. It explains how pressure applied at one point can produce force elsewhere in a hydraulic machine.
Hydrostatics: The study of fluids at rest and the pressures they exert. Hydraulic machinery relies on pressure behavior in confined, nearly stationary fluid.
Hydraulic press: A machine that uses hydraulic pressure to apply a large compressive force to a workpiece. It uses pressure multiplication for pressing, forming, and material testing.
Pneumatic system: A power system that uses compressed gas to transmit energy and operate actuators. Unlike hydraulic machinery, it uses compressible gas, usually trading force density for simpler, cleaner operation.
Hydraulic pump: A device that moves hydraulic fluid to create flow and enable a hydraulic system to build pressure under load. It supplies the fluid flow that drives actuators in powered machinery.
Fluid mechanics: The study of fluids at rest and in motion, including forces, flow, and energy transfer. It provides the broader principles used to analyze hydraulic systems.
Hydraulic lift: A lifting device that raises a load using hydraulic pressure and an actuator. It shows how hydraulic force supports controlled vertical movement.
Electric motor: A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion. Electric drives can replace hydraulic actuators where precise control and clean operation outweigh compact force output.
Hydraulic cylinder: A linear actuator that converts hydraulic pressure into straight-line force and motion. It turns pressurized fluid into the lifting and pushing motion common in machinery.
Pressure: Force exerted per unit area by a fluid or other material. Pressure is the key quantity transmitted through the working liquid.

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