Hydrogen halide

A binary compound containing hydrogen and a halogen. The series includes hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and hydrogen iodide.

Halogen: An element in group 17 of the periodic table, including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. Hydrogen halides pair hydrogen with one of these elements.
Hydrohalic acid: An aqueous solution of a hydrogen halide, such as hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid. The gaseous compounds become hydrohalic acids when dissolved in water.
Hydrogen fluoride: The hydrogen halide composed of hydrogen and fluorine, with formula HF. Its aqueous solution etches silica and is used in fluorine chemistry.
Hydrochloric acid: An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, widely used as a strong mineral acid. It is the aqueous acid counterpart of gaseous hydrogen chloride.
Covalent bond: A chemical bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. The hydrogen–halogen bond is covalent in the gaseous molecules.
Acid dissociation constant: An equilibrium constant that quantifies the extent to which an acid donates protons in solution. It expresses the differing ionization strengths of hydrogen halides in water.
Hydrogen chloride: The hydrogen halide composed of hydrogen and chlorine, with formula HCl. It is manufactured at scale and dissolves in water as hydrochloric acid.
Hydrobromic acid: An aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide that behaves as a strong acid in water. It distinguishes the dissolved acid from the hydrogen bromide gas.
Electronegativity: A measure of an atom's tendency to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond. Differences in electronegativity make hydrogen–halogen bonds polar.
Hydronium: The H₃O⁺ ion formed when a proton associates with a water molecule. Water accepts the proton released as a hydrogen halide ionizes.

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Hydrogen tellurideCompared with: These acids provide a useful comparison for the aqueous acidity and bonding of hydrogen chalcogenides.