Hydrogen-like atom

An atom or ion with a single electron bound to a nucleus. Its one-electron structure makes its energy levels comparatively simple to describe.

Coulomb potential: The electrostatic potential energy between charged particles, varying inversely with their separation. The nucleus attracts the electron through this potential, producing the atom’s bound states.
Quantum number: A discrete value specifying a measurable property or state of a quantum system. The principal, orbital, and magnetic quantum numbers label the electron’s bound states.
Hydrogen spectroscopy: The study of light emitted or absorbed by hydrogen atoms and ions. Its measured lines test the predicted transitions of the simplest hydrogen-like system.
Many-electron atom: An atom or ion containing two or more electrons bound to its nucleus. Electron–electron repulsion makes its structure more complex than the one-electron Coulomb problem.
Schrödinger equation: The fundamental nonrelativistic equation governing the quantum state of a system. Solving it for a Coulomb potential yields the hydrogen-like atom’s wavefunctions and energy levels.
Principal quantum number: The positive integer that primarily determines an atomic electron’s energy and characteristic orbital size. For a Coulomb-bound electron, it indexes the principal energy levels.
He II: Singly ionized helium, consisting of a helium nucleus and one bound electron. Its spectrum is a hydrogen-like system with nuclear charge two.
Electron correlation: The dependence of electrons’ motions on one another beyond independent-particle approximations. A single-electron atom has no electron–electron correlation, unlike multi-electron systems.
Hydrogen atom: The simplest neutral atom, consisting of one proton and one electron. It is the special case with nuclear charge one and no additional nuclear particles.
Angular momentum quantum number: An integer quantum number specifying an electron’s orbital angular momentum. It distinguishes orbital shapes and enters relativistic corrections to the spectrum.

Linked from 8 pages