Hyperon

A baryon containing at least one strange quark. The lambda and sigma particles are familiar examples.

Quark: An elementary particle that combines with other quarks to form hadrons. Hyperons contain strange quarks alongside other quark flavors.
Lambda baryon: A neutral hyperon with quark content up, down, and strange. The lambda is the simplest and lightest hyperon.
Strong interaction: The fundamental interaction that binds quarks into hadrons and holds atomic nuclei together. It binds hyperon quarks and governs their production in strong collisions.
Hypernucleus: An atomic nucleus containing one or more hyperons in addition to protons and neutrons. Embedding hyperons in nuclei exposes how strange baryons interact with nucleons.
Nucleon: Either of the two common baryons, the proton or neutron, which contain only up and down quarks. Nucleons lack strange quarks, unlike hyperons.
Baryon: A hadron made of three quarks, or their antiquark counterparts in antibaryons. Hyperons are the baryons whose quark content includes strangeness.
Sigma baryon: A family of hyperons containing one strange quark and two up or down quarks. The sigma states show how hyperons can have different charges and spin arrangements.
Weak interaction: The fundamental interaction responsible for processes such as beta decay and changes in quark flavor. Hyperons usually decay through weak processes that change their strange-quark content.
Hyperon–nucleon interaction: The strong interaction between a hyperon and a nucleon. Its poorly constrained strength shapes predictions for hypernuclei and neutron stars.
Meson: A hadron composed of a quark and an antiquark. Mesons can carry strangeness but are not baryons or hyperons.

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