Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia is an abnormal elevation of triglycerides in the blood. It ranges from mild elevations to severe levels associated with pancreatitis and inherited lipid disorders.

Triglyceride metabolism: The processes that synthesize, transport, store, and break down triglycerides in the body. Imbalances in production and clearance of triglyceride-rich particles raise blood levels.
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: A rare inherited disorder in which impaired lipoprotein lipase activity causes persistent severe chylomicron accumulation. It is a distinctive genetic cause of extreme triglyceride elevation and recurrent pancreatitis.
Lipid panel: A blood test that measures cholesterol and triglycerides, with results used to assess lipid disorders. It establishes the triglyceride level and helps identify accompanying lipid abnormalities.
Hypercholesterolemia: An abnormal elevation of cholesterol in the blood. It concerns cholesterol concentration, which may rise independently of triglycerides.
Chylomicron: A large lipoprotein particle that carries dietary triglycerides from the intestine into circulation. When chylomicrons accumulate, they can drive triglycerides to extremely high concentrations.
Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome: Severe chylomicronemia arising from genetic susceptibility combined with secondary metabolic or environmental factors. It explains many severe cases that do not follow a single-gene inheritance pattern.
Fasting lipid profile: A lipid blood test collected after a period without food to reduce the influence of recent meals. Fasting measurement can clarify persistent elevations and very high triglyceride levels.
Low-density lipoprotein: A cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. LDL cholesterol is a different lipid measure and a primary target of many prevention guidelines.
Very-low-density lipoprotein: A liver-produced lipoprotein that transports triglycerides through the bloodstream. Excess production or slow clearance of VLDL commonly contributes to elevated triglycerides.
Familial hypertriglyceridemia: An inherited tendency toward elevated triglycerides, often associated with increased VLDL production. This common familial pattern typically causes moderate elevations rather than lifelong extreme chylomicronemia.

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