Ido

Ido is a constructed international auxiliary language proposed in 1907 as a reform of Esperanto. It revises Esperanto’s grammar and vocabulary to increase regularity and international neutrality.

Esperanto grammar: The rules governing word forms, sentence structure, and grammatical relationships in Esperanto. Ido revises several Esperanto rules, including plural marking, adjective agreement, and the accusative.
Louis Couturat: A French philosopher and logician who led the Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language. Couturat helped organize the 1907 review that produced Ido.
L. L. Zamenhof: A Polish-Jewish physician and linguist who created and published Esperanto. Ido’s reformers challenged design choices in the language Zamenhof had created.
Ido–Esperanto schism: The split between supporters of Ido and those who continued to support Esperanto after the 1907 reform proposal. The controversy over Ido turned a proposed revision into a separate movement.
Agglutinative language: A language type in which grammatical meanings are expressed by attaching distinct affixes to word stems. Ido builds many forms with regular suffixes, including predictable endings for parts of speech.
Louis de Beaufront: A French Esperantist who presented Ido as the work of an anonymous committee in 1907. De Beaufront promoted the reform and was later identified as its principal author.
Otto Jespersen: A Danish linguist who studied language structure and participated in debates about international auxiliary languages. Jespersen supported Ido and contributed to its linguistic development.
Language planning: Deliberate efforts to influence a language’s form, use, or status. Ido is a case of planned reform pursued through organized language planning.
International auxiliary language: A language designed to facilitate communication among people who have different native languages. Ido belongs to this family of deliberately constructed languages.
Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language: An international committee formed to select or recommend an auxiliary language in the early twentieth century. Its 1907 proceedings became the institutional setting for Ido’s creation.

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