Ifni War

The Ifni War was a 1957–1958 conflict in which Moroccan forces fought Spain over Spanish-held Ifni and territories in the Sahara. Spain retained Ifni, while Morocco gained control of most Spanish Sahara.

Operation Ouragan: A French military operation in 1958 against Moroccan Army of Liberation forces in Spanish Sahara. French intervention alongside Spain helped defeat the insurgents in the Sahara.
Moroccan independence: The end of French and Spanish protectorate rule over Morocco in 1956. Independence intensified demands to unite territories still held by Spain.
Tarfaya Strip: A coastal region of southern Morocco that Spain ceded to Morocco in 1958. Its transfer was the most immediate territorial gain secured after the war.
Algerian War: An armed struggle from 1954 to 1962 that ended French rule in Algeria. It was a larger, longer decolonization war unfolding beside the Ifni fighting.
Spanish Legion: An elite Spanish military force founded in 1920 and deployed in Spain’s African territories. Legion units formed part of Spain’s defense of Ifni and its Saharan possessions.
Spanish Morocco: A group of Spanish-controlled territories and protectorates in Morocco before decolonization. Its colonial arrangements left Spain holding territories disputed by the newly independent kingdom.
Spanish Sahara: The Spanish colony in the territory now known as Western Sahara, administered from 1884 until 1976. Spain retained the colony after the fighting, leaving its sovereignty contested.
Rif War: A 1921–1926 conflict in which Spain and France fought the Rif Republic in northern Morocco. It was an earlier Moroccan war against Spanish rule, fought in a different region and political era.
Army of Liberation (Morocco): A Moroccan nationalist force that fought French and Spanish rule in North Africa during the 1950s. Its fighters led the attacks on Spanish positions that opened the war.
Greater Morocco: A Moroccan nationalist conception of national territory extending beyond the kingdom’s post-independence borders. The idea informed claims to Ifni and Spanish Sahara.

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Spanish protectorate in MoroccoRelated: It showed that decolonization disputes continued after the protectorate ended.