IG Farben

IG Farben was a German chemical conglomerate formed in 1925. Its subsidiary built the Buna plant near Auschwitz, using concentration-camp prisoners as forced labor.

BASF: BASF is a German chemical company founded in 1865 and one of the firms that merged to form IG Farben. BASF was the largest founding company and supplied much of the new conglomerate’s industrial base.
Buna-Werke: Buna-Werke was IG Farben’s synthetic rubber and fuel complex built near Auschwitz during World War II. This plant was the conglomerate’s major construction project at the Auschwitz site.
IG Farben Trial: The IG Farben Trial was a 1947–1948 U.S. military tribunal prosecution of company executives for war crimes and crimes against humanity. It examined executives’ roles in plunder, slave labor, and the Auschwitz plant.
Fritz Haber: Fritz Haber was a German chemist who developed the industrial ammonia-synthesis process and directed chemical-warfare research during World War I. His career illustrates the entanglement of German chemical science with both industrial production and warfare.
Bayer: Bayer is a German life-sciences company founded in 1863 and one of IG Farben’s founding firms. Bayer brought major pharmaceutical and chemical businesses into the 1925 merger.
Monowitz concentration camp: Monowitz was a Nazi concentration camp established to supply forced labor to the IG Farben plant. The camp was built beside Buna-Werke to hold prisoners assigned to its construction and production.
Nuremberg trials: The Nuremberg trials were prosecutions of Nazi leaders and organizations after World War II. The IG Farben case formed part of the wider postwar effort to prosecute German wartime crimes.
Haber–Bosch process: The Haber–Bosch process synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen using high pressure and a catalyst. Its industrial success exemplifies the chemical innovation associated with firms later consolidated into IG Farben.
Hoechst AG: Hoechst AG was a German chemical and pharmaceutical company that joined IG Farben in 1925. Its merger with BASF and Bayer helped create the conglomerate.
Auschwitz concentration camp: Auschwitz was a German Nazi concentration and extermination camp complex in occupied Poland. IG Farben’s plant and Monowitz camp operated within the wider Auschwitz system.

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