Iguanodon

Iguanodon is an extinct genus of herbivorous ornithopod dinosaurs that lived during the Early Cretaceous. Its distinctive thumb spikes and fossil-rich history made it central to the early scientific study of dinosaurs.

Ornithopoda: A major group of herbivorous dinosaurs that includes Iguanodon and hadrosaurids. Iguanodon belongs to this group of mostly bipedal and quadrupedal plant-eaters.
Iguanodon thumb spike: A large conical bone on each Iguanodon hand, once mistaken for a nasal horn. This distinctive hand element prompted a major correction to early reconstructions.
Mary Anning: An English fossil collector whose finds contributed to early paleontology in the nineteenth century. Her fossil discoveries formed part of the scientific setting in which Iguanodon emerged.
Iguanodon bernissartensis: A large species of Iguanodon known especially from numerous skeletons found at Bernissart, Belgium. It is the best-known species and anchors much of the genus's anatomical reconstruction.
Iguanodontia: A clade of ornithopod dinosaurs that includes Iguanodon and its close relatives. This broader grouping places Iguanodon among derived ornithopods.
Iguanodon dentition: The cheek teeth and jaws of Iguanodon, adapted for processing tough plant material. Its replacement teeth and robust jaws indicate substantial plant processing.
Gideon Mantell: An English physician and geologist who described Iguanodon from fossil teeth in 1825. Mantell named Iguanodon and developed its earliest scientific interpretation.
Iguanodon anglicus: The species named by Gideon Mantell from fossil teeth found in southern England. Its name traces the genus to the teeth that first defined Iguanodon.
Hadrosauridae: A family of duck-billed ornithopod dinosaurs with specialized dental batteries. Hadrosaurids were later relatives that developed more elaborate chewing adaptations.
Bipedalism: Locomotion using two hind limbs as the primary means of support and movement. Early restorations posed Iguanodon upright, while later evidence supported a more flexible stance.

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