Ikiza

Ikiza is the 1972 mass killing in Burundi, when the Tutsi-dominated government and army killed hundreds of thousands of Hutu, especially educated and prominent people.

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Burundi: Burundi is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region, bordered by Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The state whose government and army organized the 1972 killings.
Burundian army: The Burundian army is the country’s national military force, which held decisive political power after the 1966 abolition of the monarchy. Army units carried out killings and arrests during the repression.
Burundian refugees: Burundian refugees are people displaced from Burundi by conflict or persecution, often into neighboring countries. Hundreds of thousands of Hutu fled the killings and their aftermath.
Rwandan genocide: The Rwandan genocide was the 1994 mass murder of Tutsi and moderate Hutu in Rwanda by extremist Hutu authorities and militias. It reversed the main perpetrator-victim alignment and occurred in a neighboring country.
Burundian Revolution of 1966: The 1966 overthrow of Burundi’s monarchy established a republic and began a period of military rule. Its coup and countercoup left the army central to political power before 1972.
Michel Micombero: Michel Micombero was a Burundian military officer and president from 1966 until his overthrow in 1976. As president, he led the state during the 1972 killings.
Hutu diaspora: The Hutu diaspora consists of Hutu communities living outside their ancestral homelands, often following conflict or displacement. The 1972 killings and flight established a large exile community.
Burundi genocide of 1993: The 1993 Burundi genocide was mass violence against Tutsi civilians following the assassination of President Melchior Ndadaye. It was a later, distinct episode of mass killing in Burundi.
Burundi monarchy: Burundi’s monarchy was a kingdom ruled by the Ganwa dynasty until its abolition in 1966. Its abolition preceded the republic and the military government responsible for Ikiza.
Burundian intelligence services: Burundian intelligence services are state agencies responsible for gathering information and protecting the government. Security services helped identify and detain people targeted in the repression.