Illustration

An illustration is a visual image made to explain, interpret, or decorate a subject. It may accompany text or communicate independently.

Book illustration: An image created to accompany or interpret a book’s text. Book illustration uses images to shape how stories and information are understood.
Line art: An image composed primarily of lines, often with little or no shading. Lines can define an illustration’s shapes and details without relying on color.
Drawing: The creation of images by making marks on a surface. Drawing is a foundational way to produce illustrations by hand.
Fine art: Art made primarily for aesthetic, expressive, or intellectual purposes. Illustration commonly serves a subject or communication brief, unlike fine art’s broader aims.
Editorial illustration: An image commissioned to express an idea or viewpoint in a publication. It interprets current affairs and arguments rather than merely depicting them.
Color theory: A body of principles describing how colors interact and affect perception. Color choices guide attention, mood, and visual hierarchy in illustrations.
Painting: The application of pigment or other colorants to a surface to create images. Paint gives illustrations color, texture, and layered marks.
Graphic design: The practice of arranging visual and textual elements to communicate information or ideas. Illustration often works within graphic design, while design also organizes typography and layout.
Scientific illustration: A visual representation designed to communicate scientific subjects accurately and clearly. It clarifies structures and processes that photographs may not show well.
Perspective (graphical): A method for representing three-dimensional space on a flat surface. Perspective gives illustrated scenes a coherent sense of depth.

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