Image processing

Image processing is the computational manipulation and analysis of images to enhance them, extract information, or transform their appearance.

Convolution: A mathematical operation that combines a signal with a shifted, weighted copy of another signal. Image filters use convolution kernels to compute each output pixel from nearby input pixels.
Medical imaging: The use of imaging technologies to visualize structures and processes inside the body. Filtering and segmentation help clinicians interpret scans and measure anatomy.
Digital image: A discrete representation of a visual scene, typically organized as a grid of pixels or voxels. Most image-processing algorithms operate on sampled image values arranged in a grid.
Image synthesis: The creation of images from models, instructions, or data rather than direct capture of a scene. It generates visual content, whereas image processing transforms or analyzes existing images.
Gaussian blur: An image-smoothing operation that replaces each pixel with a weighted average of its neighbors using a Gaussian kernel. It suppresses fine detail and noise before many other image-processing operations.
Computer vision: A field that develops methods for enabling computers to interpret visual information. Image processing supplies many of the transformations and measurements used in visual interpretation.
Pixel: The smallest addressable picture element in a raster image, carrying one or more sample values. Pixel values are the basic data that local filters and transformations modify.
Computer graphics: The creation and manipulation of visual content using computers, including rendered images and animations. Graphics often builds images from scene descriptions; image processing typically starts with image data.
Edge detection: A family of methods that identifies image locations where intensity or color changes sharply. Edges expose boundaries and structure that later analysis can use.
Optical character recognition: The conversion of images of printed or handwritten text into machine-readable characters. Image cleanup and character segmentation prepare document images for recognition.

Linked from 8 pages