Individual time trial

An individual time trial is a cycling race in which riders start separately and are ranked by elapsed time. Drafting behind other competitors is generally prohibited.

Time trial start: A staggered start in which competitors begin a race individually at set intervals. Riders leave one by one, so each can race against the clock without a mass start.
Tour de France time trial: An individual or team race against the clock held as a stage of the Tour de France. Time-trial stages can reshape the overall standings without a head-to-head start.
Elapsed time: The duration between the start and finish of an event, measured by a clock. The lowest elapsed time determines the winner.
Road race: A cycling competition on roads in which riders race over a set route, often starting together. Unlike a mass-start road race, this format separates competitors at the start.
Pacing strategy: The distribution of effort over time or distance during an endurance performance. Even effort helps time trialists avoid starting too hard and losing speed late.
UCI World Time Trial Championships: The annual UCI championship event awarding world titles in individual time-trial disciplines. Elite riders compete for the rainbow jersey in a standalone timed race.
Average speed: Distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel it. It summarizes a rider's overall pace across the course.
Mass-start cycling: A cycling race in which competitors begin together and ride as a group. Tactics and group dynamics matter more than in a race against the clock.
Aerodynamic drag: The force opposing an object's motion through air, increasing with speed and frontal area. At time-trial speeds, reducing air resistance can save substantial time.
Grand Tour: A three-week professional road cycling stage race, such as the Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, or Vuelta a España. Individual time trials are often decisive stages within these multiweek races.

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