Knowra Infant mortality Infant mortality Infant mortality is the death of a child before the first birthday. It is commonly measured as infant deaths per 1,000 live births in a population and period.
Neonatal mortality : Death during the first 28 completed days of life. This early period accounts for many infant deaths and is closely tied to birth and newborn care.
Infant mortality rate : The number of deaths before age one per 1,000 live births in a specified population and period. This is the standard population measure used to summarize infant mortality.
Maternal and child health : The health field focused on the well-being of pregnant people, mothers, infants, and children. Its services target risks before birth, during delivery, and throughout infancy.
Social determinants of health : The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, and the forces shaping those conditions. Income, housing, education, and access to care shape exposure to infant risks.
Stillbirth : The birth of a fetus showing no signs of life after a specified point in pregnancy. Stillbirth occurs before live birth and is therefore excluded from the usual infant mortality rate.
Postneonatal mortality : Death from 28 completed days through the first year of life. Its causes and prevention often differ from deaths in the first month.
Live birth : A birth showing any sign of life after complete expulsion or extraction from the pregnant person. Live births form the denominator of the commonly reported infant mortality rate.
Immunization : The process of making a person resistant to an infectious disease, usually through vaccination. Vaccination prevents infections that can cause severe illness and death in infancy.
Health inequality : A difference in health status or its determinants between population groups. Infant mortality gaps reveal unequal risks and unequal access to effective care.
Child mortality : Death among children, commonly measured for defined age ranges such as under five years. This broader category includes deaths after infancy and uses different age thresholds.
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