Infiltration tactics

Infiltration tactics use small units to pass through gaps in enemy defenses, bypass strongpoints, and disrupt positions behind the front.

Stormtrooper tactics: German First World War assault methods used small, specialized groups to penetrate enemy lines and exploit openings. These tactics became a prominent model for infiltration during the war.
Western Front (First World War): The principal theater of fighting between Germany and the Allied powers in France and Belgium from 1914 to 1918. Its entrenched fronts created the problem infiltration tactics sought to solve.
Bruchmüller artillery tactics: The German artillery methods associated with Georg Bruchmüller, emphasizing carefully timed, concentrated fire to support breakthroughs. Short, coordinated bombardments helped assault troops penetrate defenses before defenders could recover.
Frontal attack: An attack directed against the enemy's front rather than around or through its defenses. Infiltration seeks weak gaps instead of concentrating the main effort against the strongest front.
Fire and movement: A combat method in which one element suppresses an enemy while another advances. Suppressive fire helps infiltrating groups cross exposed gaps and reach enemy positions.
Trench warfare: Combat in which opposing forces fight from fortified trenches and connected defensive positions. Dense trench systems made frontal assaults costly and encouraged bypass methods.
Operation Michael: The German spring offensive launched in March 1918 against British forces on the Western Front. It used infiltration-oriented assault methods on a large scale, though the breakthrough could not be sustained.
Siege warfare: The military practice of surrounding and attacking a fortified place to compel its surrender. Sieges reduce or isolate strongpoints rather than bypassing them to advance into the rear.
Mission-type tactics: A command approach that gives subordinates objectives and freedom to choose how to achieve them. Local initiative lets infiltrators exploit openings that plans cannot predict.
Battle of Caporetto: The 1917 Central Powers offensive that broke through Italian defenses at Caporetto. German assault units used infiltration methods to penetrate difficult terrain and disorganize Italian defenses.

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