Instant coffee

Instant coffee is a soluble product made by brewing coffee and drying the extract into powder or granules. It dissolves in hot water to make a coffee drink.

Spray drying: A drying method that atomizes liquid into hot gas, rapidly producing dry particles. It turns brewed coffee extract into fine powder in a continuous process.
David Strang: A New Zealand inventor credited with patenting an early soluble-coffee process in 1890. His patent marks an early attempt to make coffee soluble and storable.
Coffee: A brewed beverage made from roasted seeds of plants in the genus Coffea. Instant coffee is one convenient form of the broader coffee category.
Drip coffee: Coffee brewed by passing hot water through ground coffee held in a filter. It is brewed from grounds at serving time rather than dissolved from dried extract.
Freeze-drying: A process that removes ice from frozen material by sublimation under reduced pressure. It dries frozen coffee extract into porous pieces while limiting heat exposure.
George Constant Louis Washington: A Belgian-American inventor who developed and marketed a commercial soluble coffee product in the early twentieth century. His company helped establish instant coffee as a mass-market product.
Military rations: Food and drink supplies issued to armed forces for field use. Lightweight, quickly prepared coffee suited ration kits and field conditions.
Espresso: A concentrated coffee beverage made by forcing hot water through finely ground coffee under pressure. It uses pressurized extraction and fresh grounds instead of soluble powder.
Vacuum drying: A drying process that removes moisture at reduced pressure, often at lower temperatures. It is another way to dry coffee extract while reducing thermal stress.
Nestlé: A Swiss food company founded in 1866 that produces products including Nescafé. Its Nescafé brand became closely associated with the spread of instant coffee.

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