Knowra Instructional design Instructional design Instructional design is the systematic planning of learning experiences, materials, and instruction to achieve specified outcomes. It aligns learner needs, teaching methods, and assessment.
ADDIE model : A five-phase instructional design framework comprising analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Its phases provide a widely used sequence for planning and revising instruction.
Learning theory : A set of explanations about how people acquire, retain, and use knowledge or skills. Design decisions about practice, feedback, and explanation rest on assumptions about learning.
E-learning : Learning delivered or supported through electronic technologies, often over digital networks. Digital courses require deliberate choices about interaction, pacing, feedback, and media.
Robert Gagné : An American educational psychologist known for theories of learning conditions and instructional events. His nine events of instruction connect lesson structure to learner support.
Backward design : An approach that begins with desired learning results, then determines evidence and plans instruction. It makes outcome-first planning explicit, rather than beginning with activities or materials.
Needs assessment : A systematic inquiry into the gap between current and desired performance or conditions. It helps establish whether instruction is needed and what outcomes it should address.
Learning management system : Software for administering, delivering, tracking, and reporting on educational courses. It provides the delivery and tracking environment for many designed courses.
Benjamin Bloom : An American educational psychologist who led the team that developed a influential taxonomy of educational objectives. Bloom’s taxonomy gives designers a vocabulary for classifying intended learning.
Learning objective : A statement describing what learners should know or be able to do after instruction. Objectives translate broad outcomes into targets that guide lessons and assessment.
Learner analysis : The study of learners’ prior knowledge, characteristics, needs, and learning context. It identifies constraints and starting points that shape suitable instruction.
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